I've been largely absent from the blogosphere over the last couple of weeks. Work, shoveling snow, catching up on reading, and tending to family/household matters (i.e. the holidays) has pretty much dispelled any energy or desire I've had for writing.
And now that I'm forcing myself to pick it back up, I can't think of anything to talk about that seems terribly interesting. This is despite the fact that I've had plenty of ideas cross my mind.
Environmental sustainability, however, is one topic I've been chewing on a great deal that always merits attention.
With the talks in Bali right now focusing on the highly politicized issues of who will reduce emissions by how much, when, and by what means, it's easy to get caught up in the debate surrounding efforts to stem climate change. Certainly, when you consider the difficultly in deciding how to fairly divide upCO2 allowances between and within countries, and when you ponder the challenges inherent in reporting and enforcement, it starts to feel like an impossible endeavor. Why even bother (hint: if you're George W. Bush, you don't).
All of this makes it easy to forget the basic economics underlying emissions allowances and trading that make them such compelling ideas and so worth pursuing. Let's revisit these principles for a second.
Free markets are driven by two things – consumer demand and industry supply. While demand is impacted by everything from basic human needs to advertising to individual preference, supply is dictated by the balance firms draw between the additional expense they incur and the additional revenue they bring in by varying levels of production (economists call this marginal analysis).
To better illustrate, if I own a widget company, I'm ideally going to continue producing widgets until the cost of producing one more exceeds the additional revenue generated by selling that one extra widget. This is how I maximize profit.
So what if we pretend that the destruction of public goods like clean air and water isn't a cost of production? Doesn't that lead companies to an erroneous conclusion around where that balance sits?
Indeed, it's no different than forgetting to account for overhead when reporting earnings. Just think of how much more money your company could make if it could ignore those silly expenses.
In essence, this is what has been going on since the beginning of time. We've cheated ourselves into thinking that our operations are more profitable than they really are by ignoring some significant costs of doing business. And now our world is paying for it.
The point of allowances and trading, then, is to start factoring in – internalizing – this cost of production in order to correct the balance.
When you look at it this way, two things jump out.
- CO2 allowances are actually a pretty good deal. You only pay when you exceed your quota, and if you stay under quota you can trade in the excess for money!
- There seems to be little justification for limiting CO2 allowances to heavy industry. Even though I work for a consulting company, don't I impact the environment by hopping on an airplane to visit with a client? Why shouldn't my company have to account for that? And for that matter, don't I impact the environment by driving to the grocery store? Why do I expect to pay for gas but not for my emissions?
As I think about the world my kids will live in, it's inspiring to imagine a place where the environmental and social impact of what we do becomes just another line-item in our budgets.
Hey, it could happen.
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